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发信人: magic (独行狂人), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: How to be a good TA(7)
发信站: 紫 丁 香 (Sat Jan 9 09:59:26 1999), 转信
6 Elements of teaching writing
Written assignments are an integral part of most classes offered at
Yale. To the extent that writing is considered a skill to be taught
within all disciplines, Yale is committed to the pedagogical view
commonly called "writing across the curriculum." This chapter of the
handbook is offered in that spirit: writing is essential to all disciplines
and, therefore, teaching writing to all kinds of teaching. Even those
of us who teach classes where written work does not fall into
familiar categories (for example, economics problem sets rather than
research papers or analytical essays) must be prepared to address
questions having to do with writing. Presentation, analysis,
disciplinary expectations and other concerns arise in all areas of
writing, whether the assignment to be completed is a lab report, a
journal-style article, or a literary analysis. We hope that the
following comments and suggestions, while by no means exhaustive,
will prove useful in thinking about the writing process itself and the
methods we use in teaching writing.
6.1 Teaching the writing process
In an academic environment, students' first encounters with the
process of writing may well be the moment they are handed their
assignments. These may be designed and written by the professor or
the TA. Even in courses whose assignments are fully designed by
the professor, there is often some leeway for a TA to modify a
particular assignment. For example, sometimes TAs ask students to
develop their own paper topics rather than relying on a list of topics
made available by the professor. Whichever scenario most closely
matches your situation, it is essential that you make both the
assignment and your expectations clear. Consider devoting some
class time to this end.
Handouts are often useful. Among other things, these may describe
the disciplinary conventions for written material, the physical look of
the completed assignment (e.g. typed, double-spaced, proofread,
etc.), or some tips on developing and organizing an argument. (A file
of handouts are available at the Working At Teaching office.) Some
TAs choose to provide samples of "model" writing from within or
outside the discipline in order to make students familiar with certain
writing styles. If you choose this option, make sure your students
understand that these examples do not represent the only ways to
write, and never hand out a model without discussing its merits and
demerits. Handouts and class time devoted to talking about writing
may ease students into the first steps of the process.
Short writing exercises may also help your students become
confident about the particular assignment and about their writing in
general. Short writing exercises, assigned early on, are also a good
idea in courses that only have a mid-term and final. They help cueas and/or presentation are not the same thing.
Consulting with other TAs or with the professor may provide a
certain critical distance. It is important to approach these situations
with sensitivity and an eye toward the future-don't shut off your
students' chances to consult with you or to alter their approach by
writing snappish or angry comments instead of constructive criticism.
"Unusual" stylistic approaches may also stymie a TA. In these cases
it is useful to remember that "different" need not be "wrong." Even if
a student purposefully defies the conventions or requirements of the
discipline or the assignment at hand, you should evaluate this work
using the same criteria you use for all students: clarity, logic, etc. Try
to recognize the merits of new approaches, and comment on the
relative effectiveness of your students' original styles of presentation.
For further comments on evaluating written work, see section 7.2.2
below, "Grading Written Assignments."
6.5 Acknowledging your students' work
TAs are not the only ones with anxieties. Students occasionally
worry that their work for the course will become part of a TA's
work. At first blush, such a worry might seem absurd. On the other
hand, students often develop ideas interesting to their instructors
precisely because their TAs are teaching with an eye toward their
own intellectual interests. Judging by the number of
acknowledgments "to my students for their insights" in academic
essays and monographs, it is clear that the exchange of ideas in the
academy goes on at all levels. It is therefore important, at least as a
courtesy, to acknowledge to your students that you hope to learn
from them as well as to teach them.
More formal acknowledgment is in order if you make more direct
use of your students' work. (While not common, it is not unheard of
to see a footnote to a student's remark in class and there is no
reason why TAs should not be at least as sensitive as faculty are, i
not more.) If you ask for a copy of a student's papers for your files,
tell her why you want it. For example, perhaps you hope to make
use of her insights the next time you teach the course, or perhaps
you consider her work a model for future students. Treating your
students and their work with respect will relieve their anxiety about
you, and will promote the exchange of ideas that we hope for in our
intellectual community.
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