发信人: bonjovi (bonjovi), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: 陈圣元填空96年4月section 3
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2001年09月01日17:51:39 星期六), 站内信件
96年4月section 3
1.【正确答案】B
【中文释义】
据称，科学家们会避免作出欺骗性的实验结果的宣告，因为存在这种可能，当其他的研
究者们不能复制他的实验结果时，他们就会被揭露出来。
【解题分析】 这一句的基本含义在No.8第三套section 1的第三题就有过重复，在92年
的考卷中也重复了。科学家们replicate或是duplicate相互的实验结果就是为了检验结
果的真伪，原句中的be exposed显然是由cannot duplicate their findings所导致的。
【重点词条】
fraudulent characterized by, based on, or done by fraud: deceitful -- fraud.
u.lent.ly adv -- fraud.u.lent.ness n
radical 1: of, relating to, or proceeding from a root: as a (1): of or growi
ng from the root of a plant <~ tubers> (2): growing from the base of a stem,
from a rootlike stem, or from a stem that does not rise above the ground <~
leaves> b: of, relating to, or constituting a linguistic root c: of or rela
ting to a mathematical root d: designed to remove the root of a disease or a
ll diseased tissue <~ surgery> 2: of or relating to the origin: fundamental
3 a: marked by a considerable departure from the usual or traditional: extre
me b: tending or disposed to make extreme changes in existing views, habits,
conditions, or institutions c: of, relating to, or constituting a political
group associated with views, practices, and policies of extreme change d: a
dvocating extreme measures to retain or restore a political state of affairs
<the ~ right> 4 slang: excellent, cool -- rad.i.cal.ness n 2radical n (1641
) 1 a: a root part b: a basic principle: foundation 2 a: root 6 b: a sound o
r letter belonging to a radical 3: one who is radical 4: free radical; also:
a group of atoms bonded together that is considered an entity in various ki
nds of reactions 5 a: a mathematical expression indicating a root by means o
f a radical sign b: radical sign
extravagant 1 a obs: strange, curious b archaic: wandering 2 a: exceeding th
e limits of reason or necessity <~ claims> b: lacking in moderation, balance
, and restraint <~ praise> c: extremely or excessively elaborate 3 a: spendi
ng much more than necessary b: profuse, lavish 4: unreasonably high in price
syn see excessive -- ex.trav.a.gant.ly adv
2.【正确答案】C
【中文释义】
通过户挨户地居住在一块未分开的土地上，核心家庭被包含在了一个更大的亲戚群当中
，这就使得共同相处及与亲戚处理好关系的压力非常强大。
【解题分析】 第二个空格处于and的小连接当中，and之后表示与别人共处，所以and前
同样应有这方面的含义。五个选项中能表示出与别人处好关系的词只有一个答案C。
【重点词条】
shave 1 a: to remove a thin layer from b: to cut off in thin layers or shred
s: slice c: to cut off closely 2 a: to sever the hair from (the head or anot
her part of the body) close to the roots b: to cut off (hair or beard) close
to the skin 3 a: to discount (a note) at an exorbitant rate b: deduct, redu
ce 4: to come close to or touch lightly in passing ~ vi 1: to cut off hair o
r beard close to the skin 2: to proceed with difficulty: scrape 2shave n (be
f. 12c) 1: shaver 3 2: a thin slice: shaving 3: an act or process of shaving
embed 1 a: to enclose closely in or as if in a matrix <fossils embedded in s
tone> b: to make something an integral part of <the prejudices embedded in o
ur language> c: to prepare (a microscopy specimen) for sectioning by infiltr
ating with and enclosing in a supporting substance 2: to surround closely <a
sweet pulp ~s the plum seed> ~ vi: to become embedded -- em.bed.ment n
3.【正确答案】B
【中文释义】
和吸气所需要的大量肌肉活动相比，呼气通常是一个消极被动的过程。
【解题分析】 前后对立面转折，所以下文的呼气应该不需要肌肉的活动，强调了不需要
自身肌肉参与的形容词为B，尽管有人感觉A也可以，但实际上，如果下文要强调呼气是
个缓慢的过程，则和下文相对比的应该是大量肌肉活动就造成了吸气很快，而上文强调
的是肌肉的参与，所以下文应对称地强调肌肉不参与。这样答案只有可能是B。
【重点词条】
substantial 1 a: consisting of or relating to substance b: not imaginary or
illusory: real, true c: important, essential 2: ample to satisfy and nourish
: full <a ~ meal> 3 a: possessed of means: well-to-do b: considerable in qua
ntity: significantly great <earned a ~ wage> 4: firmly constructed: sturdy 5
: being largely but not wholly that which is specified <a ~ lie> -- substant
ial n -- sub.stan.ti.al.i.ty n -- sub.stan.tial.ly adv -- sub.stan.tial.ness
n
4.【正确答案】C
【中文释义】
关于高中生活的纪录片是如此的真实和勾人心弦，以至于怀旧的情绪淹没了大学年龄的
观众。
【解题分析】 so…that…结构的结果是大学年龄的观众被激发出了怀旧的情绪，所以可
得答案C，答案B的pitiful的含义是“令人同情的”，如果选B，那么结果就应该是产生
同情心，而原文中是产生了怀旧的情绪，所以B并不正确。
【重点词条】
pitiful 1 archaic: full of pity: compassionate 2 a: deserving or arousing pi
ty or commiseration b: exciting pitying contempt (as by meanness or inadequa
cy) -- piti.ful.ly adv -- piti.ful.ness n
evocative evoking or tending to evoke an esp. emotional response <settings .
.. so ~ that they bring tears to the eyes --Eric Malpass> -- evoc.a.tive.ly
adv -- evoc.a.tive.ness n
clinical 1: of, relating to, or conducted in or as if in a clinic: as a: inv
olving direct observation of the patient b: diagnosable by or based on clini
cal observation 2: analytical or coolly dispassionate <a ~ attitude> -- clin
.i.cal.ly adv
5.【正确答案】C
【中文释义】
尽管乔治·奥凯夫以他对沙漠风光的熟悉最为有名，但他的城市主题作品证实了他长期
居住在纽约。
【解题分析】 前后转折，上句是对沙漠的熟悉，所以下句应该肯定他在纽约的居住，这
样就构成了“尽管住在大都市，却对沙漠风光很熟悉”这样的转折句。
【重点词条】
obfuscate 1 a: darken b: to make obscure 2: confuse -- ob.fus.ca.tion n -- o
b.fus.ca.to.ry adj
attest 1 a: to affirm to be true or genuine; specif: to authenticate by sign
ing as a witness b: to authenticate officially 2: to establish or verify the
usage of 3: to be proof of: manifest <her record ~s her integrity> 4: to pu
t on oath ~ vi: to bear witness: testify <~ to a belief> syn see certify --
at.tes.ta.tion n -- at.test.er n
contend 1: to strive or vie in contest or rivalry or against difficulties: s
truggle 2: to strive in debate: argue ~ vt 1: maintain, assert <~ed that he
was right> 2: to struggle for: contest
6.【正确答案】C
【中文释义】
尽管这个研究被定性为交叉课程，它实际上并没有对课题的综合。
【解题分析】 前后转折，后文应该否定disciplinary这个词。
【重点词条】
encapsulate 1: to enclose in or as if in a capsule <a pilot encapsulated in
the cockpit> 2: epitomize, summarize <~ an era in an aphorism> ~ vi: to beco
me encapsulated -- en.cap.su.la.tion n
designate 1: to indicate and set apart for a specific purpose, office, or du
ty <~ a group to prepare a plan> 2 a: to point out the location of <a marker
designating the battle> b: to distinguish as to class <the area we ~ as tha
t of spiritual values --J. B. Conant> c: specify, stipulate <to be sent by a
designated shipper> 3: denote <associate names with the people they ~> 4: t
o call by a distinctive title, term, or expression <a particle designated th
e neutron> -- des.ig.na.tive adj -- des.ig.na.tor n -- des.ig.na.to.ry adj
7.【正确答案】C
【中文释义】
很多精神治疗医生不能利用最前沿的研究结果，这可能应归因于这些发现结果过于专业
化的性质：即使是重要的发现结果也可能是没有用的。
【解题分析】 冒号后表示重复，冒号后表达出这些结果没有用，而第一个空格要求填上
治疗医生对这些结果没有做什么动作，事实上这些结果没有用当然就是指这些结果没有
被治疗专家们要上，所以第一空格直接填使用就可以了。
【重点词条】
baffling 1: to defeat or check (as a person) by confusing or puzzling: disco
ncert 2: to check or break the force or flow of by or as if by a baffle syn
see frustrate -- baf.fle.ment n -- baf.fler n -- baf.fling.ly adv 2baffle n
(ca. 1900): a device (as a plate, wall, or screen) to deflect, check, or reg
ulate flow (as of a fluid, light, or sound) -- baf.fled adj
envision to picture to oneself <~s a career dedicated to promoting peace> sy
n see think
accessible_ 1: providing access 2 a: capable of being reached <~ by rail>; a
lso: being within reach <fashions at ~ prices> b: easy to speak or deal with
<~ people> 3: capable of being influenced: open 4: capable of being used or
seen: available 5: capable of being understood or appreciated <the author's
most ~ stories> <an ~ film> -- ac.ces.si.bil.i.ty n -- ac.ces.si.ble.ness n
-- ac.ces.si.bly adv
96年4月Section 7
1.【正确答案】E
【中文释义】在十九世纪,小说家和没有同情心的旅行者将美国西部描绘成一块永远多灾
多难的土地,而开发商和理想主义者们却创造出了极为吸引人的具有无穷无尽希望的土地
的形象。
【解题分析】上下句分别是两种截然不同的人，所以尽管whereas不能表达对立面转折，
但这两种相反的人都显然提示我们应挑选反义词，下句支持美国西部，认为其是一个充
满无穷希望的土地，所以上句应为一个对等的反义词，即无穷灾难的土
地。所以正确答案选E。
【重点词条】unremitting not remitting: constant, incessant -- un.re.mit.ting
.ly adv
identical 1: being the same: selfsame <the ~ place we stopped before> 2: hav
ing such close resemblance as to be essentially the same <~ hats>--often use
d with to or with 3 a: having the same cause or origin <~ infections> b: mon
ozygotic syn see same -- iden.ti.cal.ly adv -- iden.ti.cal.ness n
compelling 1: to drive or urge forcefully or irresistibly 2: to cause to do
or occur by overwhelming pressure 3 archaic: to drive together syn see force
-- com.pel.la.ble adj
underplay 1: to act or present (as a role or a scene) with restraint: play d
own 2: to play a card lower than (a held high card)
downplay play down, de-emphasize
2.【正确答案】E
【中文释义】蜜蜂比土蜂更有群居性：和后者不一样的是，前者一起寻找食物并且将它
们个人的发现发信号给另外一个蜜蜂。
【解题分析】冒号后表示重复解释，后文的together等词汇显然是一再提示蜜蜂的群居
性格。
【重点词条】insular 1 a: of, relating to, or constituting an island b: dwell
ing or situated on an island <~ residents> 2: characteristic of an isolated
people; esp: being, having, or reflecting a narrow provincial viewpoint 3: o
f or relating to an island of cells or tissue -- in.su.lar.ism n -- in.su.la
r.i.ty n -- in.su.lar.ly adv
social 1: involving allies or confederates <the Social War between the Athen
ians and their allies> 2 a: marked by or passed in pleasant companionship wi
th one's friends or associates <leads a very full ~ life> b: sociable c: of,
relating to, or designed for sociability <a ~ club> 3: of or relating to hu
man society, the interaction of the individual and the group, or the welfare
of human beings as members of society <~ institutions> 4 a: tending to form
cooperative and interdependent relationships with others of one's kind: gre
garious b: living and breeding in more or less organized communities <~ inse
cts> c of a plant: tending to grow in groups or masses so as to form a pure
stand 5 a: of, relating to, or based on rank or status in a particular socie
ty <a member of our ~ set> b: of, relating to, or characteristic of the uppe
r classes c: formal 2social n (1870): sociable
3.【正确答案】A
【中文释义】 乔以完全相同的力度谈及肤浅琐碎和生死攸关的事件，好象对他而言严重
的问题和琐碎的问题没有什么区别。
【解题分析】请注意这一句的比较结构。上句用to the same degree 来表示同级比较，
下句用mattered neither more or less than 来表示同级比较，所以就表现出了两套比
较结构这种基本题型。此时比较双方不应发生变化，故第一个空格应填下文出现过的se
rious issues，第二个空格应填上文的superfluous。
【重点词条】 superficiality 1: the quality or state of being superficial 2:
something superficial
humdrum monotonous, dull -- humdrum n
4.【正确答案】B
【中文释义】戴维斯的社会学研究的价值被地毫无顾忌地挑选材料的做法破坏了，他之
所以这样做是为了证实自己的观点，同时忽略那些指向别的结论的事实。
【解题分析】while的前后为对比关系，通常我们又会主动地在while前后找反义词，这
样就可以将不明确的对比关系进一步深化为对立面转折关系，此句的while前后出现了一
组反义词，his own claims和other possible conclusions。 所以解题思路顿时就明快
了，while 之前是use了那些支持his own claims 的材料，那么while之后就应该不使用
那些支持other possible conclusions 的材料，所以第二个空格应与use反义，可得答
案B。
【重点词条】unscrupulous not scrupulous: unprincipled -- un.scru.pu.lous.ly
adv -- un.scru.pu.lous.ness n
deploy 1 a: to extend (a military unit) esp. in width b: to place in battle
formation or appropriate positions 2: to spread out, utilize, or arrange esp
. strategically ~ vi: to move in being deployed -- de.ploy.able adj -- de.pl
oy.ment n
5.【正确答案】E
【中文释义】一旦文艺复兴时期的画家们学会了如何表现深度和体积，他们就能够用更
加真实可信的三维空间的图像来代替中世纪的象征的，二维空间的约定俗成的表现方法
。
【解题分析】主句的动词为replace A with B，显然A和B应该是反义词，故第二个空格
应与symbolic构成反义词，事实上two-dimensional space已经与actual space构成了一
个明显的反义，与symbolic构成反义的有C和E两个答案，C答案导致前后文矛盾。
【重点词条】render 1 a: to melt down <~ suet>; also: to extract by melting <
~ lard> b: to treat so as to convert into industrial fats and oils or fertil
izer 2 a: to transmit to another: deliver b: give up, yield c: to furnish fo
r consideration, approval, or information: as (1): to hand down (a legal jud
gment) (2): to agree on and report (a verdict) 3 a: to give in return or ret
ribution b (1): give back, restore (2): reflect, echo c: to give in acknowle
dgment of dependence or obligation: pay d: to do (a service) for another 4 a
(1): to cause to be or become: make <enough rainfall ... to ~ irrigation un
necessary --P. E. James> <~ed him helpless> (2): impart b (1): to reproduce
or represent by artistic or verbal means: depict (2): to give a performance
of (3): to produce a copy or version of <the documents are ~ed in the origin
al French> (4): to execute the motions of <~ a salute> c: translate 5: to di
rect the execution of: administer <~ justice> 6: to apply a coat of plaster
or cement directly to ~ vi: to give recompense -- ren.der.able adj -- ren.de
r.er n 2render n (1647): a return esp. in goods or services due from a feuda
l tenant to his lord
convention 1 a: agreement, contract b: an agreement between states for regul
ation of matters affecting all of them c: a compact between opposing command
ers esp. concerning prisoner exchange or armistice d: a general agreement ab
out basic principles or procedures; also: a principle or procedure accepted
as true or correct by convention 2 a: the summoning or convening of an assem
bly b: an assembly of persons met for a common purpose; esp: a meeting of th
e delegates of a political party for the purpose of formulating a platform a
nd selecting candidates for office c: the usu. state or national organizatio
n of a religious denomination 3 a: usage or custom esp. in social matters b:
a rule of conduct or behavior c: a practice in bidding or playing that conv
eys information between partners in a card game (as bridge) d: an establishe
d technique, practice, or device (as in literature or the theater)
adumbrate 1: to foreshadow vaguely: intimate 2 a: to give a sketchy represen
tation or outline of b: to suggest or disclose partially 3: overshadow, obsc
ure -- ad.um.bra.tion n -- ad.um.bra.tive adj -- ad.um.bra.tive.ly adv
6.【正确答案】E
【中文释义】他满以为自己会因为告密而受到感激，但实际上他遇到了的是近似于敌意
的冷漠。
【解题分析】由but instead可以得出结论空格与gratitude 构成反义词；或者空格后的
分隔结构同样构成一个解题方法，(bordering)与敌意态度最接近的当然是答案E的diff
erence。
【重点词条】border 1: an outer part or edge 2: an ornamental design at the e
dge of a fabric or rug 3: a narrow bed of planted ground along the edge of a
garden or walk <a ~ of tulips> 4: boundary <crossed the ~ into Italy> 5: a
plain or decorative margin around printed matter -- bor.dered adj 2border vb
bor.dered ; bor.der.ing vt (14c) 1: to put a border on 2: to touch at the e
dge or boundary: bound <~s the city on the south> ~ vi 1: to lie on the bord
er <the U.S. ~s on Canada> 2: to approach the nature of a specified thing: v
erge <~s on the ridiculous> -- bor.der.er n
openness 1: having no enclosing or confining barrier: accessible on all or n
early all sides <cattle grazing on an ~ range> 2 a (1): being in a position
or adjustment to permit passage: not shut or locked <an ~ door> (2): having
a barrier (as a door) so adjusted as to allow passage <the house was ~> b: h
aving the lips parted <stood there with his mouth wide ~> c: not buttoned or
zipped <an ~ shirt> 3 a: completely free from concealment: exposed to gener
al view or knowledge <their hostilities eventually erupted with ~ war> b: ex
posed or vulnerable to attack or question: subject <~ to doubt> 4 a: not cov
ered with a top, roof, or lid <an ~ car> <her eyes were ~> b: having no prot
ective covering <~ wiring> <an ~ wound> 5: not restricted to a particular gr
oup or category of participants <~ to the public> <~ housing>: as a: enterab
le by both amateur and professional contestants <an ~ tournament> b: enterab
le by a registered voter regardless of political affiliation <an ~ primary>
6: fit to be traveled over: presenting no obstacle to passage or view <the ~
road> <~ country> 7: having the parts or surfaces laid out in an expanded p
osition: spread out: unfolded <an ~ book> 8 a (1): low 13 (2): formed with t
he tongue in a lower position <Italian has an ~ and a close e> b (1): having
clarity and resonance unimpaired by undue tension or constriction of the th
roat <an ~ vocal tone> (2) of a tone: produced by an open string or on a win
d instrument by the lip without the use of slides, valves, or keys 9 a: avai
lable to follow or make use of <the only course ~ to us> b: not taken up wit
h duties or engagements <keep an hour ~ on Friday> c: not finally decided: s
ubject to further consideration <the salary is ~> <an ~ question> d: availab
le for a qualified applicant: vacant <the job is still ~> e: remaining avail
able for use or filling until canceled <an ~ order for more items> f: availa
ble for future purchase <these items are in ~ stock> 10 a: characterized by
ready accessibility and usu. generous attitude: as (1): generous in giving (
2): willing to hear and consider or to accept and deal with: responsive (3):
free from reserve or pretense: frank b: accessible to the influx of new fac
tors (as foreign goods) <an ~ market> 11 a: having openings, interruptions,
or spaces: as (1): being porous and friable <~ soil> (2): sparsely distribut
ed: scattered <~ population> (3) of a compound: having components separated
by a space in writing or printing (as opaque pr adv -- open.ly adv -- open.n
ess n 2open vb opened ; open.ing vt (bef. 12c) 1 a: to move (as a door) from
a closed position b: to make available for entry or passage by turning back
(as a barrier) or removing (as a cover or an obstruction) 2 a: to make avai
lable for or active in a regular function <~ a new store> b: to make accessi
ble for a particular purpose <~ed new land for settlement> <~ the way for ch
anges> c: to initiate access to (a computer file) prior to use 3 a: to discl
ose or expose to view: reveal b: to make more discerning or responsive: enli
ghten <must ~ our minds to the problems> c: to bring into view or come in si
ght of by changing position 4 a: to make an opening in <~ed the boil> b: to
loosen and make less compact <~ the soil> 5: to spread out: unfold <~ed the
book> 6 a: to enter upon: begin <~ed the meeting> b: to commence action in a
card game by making (a first bid), putting a first bet in (the pot), or pla
ying (a card or suit) as first lead 7: to restore or recall (as an order) fr
om a finally determined state to a state in which the parties are free to pr
osecute or oppose ~ vi 1: to become open <the office ~ed early> 2 a: to spre
ad out: expand <the wound ~ed under the strain> b: to become disclosed <a be
autiful vista ~ed before us> 3: to become enlightened or responsive 4: to gi
ve access <the rooms ~ onto a hall> 5: speak out 2 <finally he ~ed freely on
the subject> 6 a: to begin a course or activity <the play ~s on Tuesday> b:
to make a bet, bid, or lead in commencing a round or hand of a card game --
open.abil.i.ty n -- open.able adj 3open n (13c) 1: opening 2: open and unob
structed space: as a: open air b: open water 3: an open contest, competition
, or tournament 4: a public or unconcealed state or position
7．【正确答案】C
【中文释义】这位外交官，因为她在处理这种精微的谈判所表现出的耐心和技巧而被选
拔出来，在谈判中拒绝做出任何决策，因为在那时候任何突然的承诺都是不恰当的。
【解题分析】这位外交官的特征性格已经在her demonstrated patience and skill中充
分表现出来，对于一个有足够耐心的人而言sudden committen 当然是一个不好的做法，
所以第二空格可以选A、C、D，再根据because 的因果关系可得答案C。
【重点词条】decline 1 archaic: to turn from a straight course: stray 2 a: to
slope downward: descend b: to bend down: droop c: to stoop to what is unwor
thy 3 a of a celestial body: to sink toward setting b: to draw toward a clos
e: wane <the day declined> 4: to tend toward an inferior state or weaker con
dition <his health declined> 5: to withhold consent 6: to become less in amo
unt <prices declined> ~ vt 1: to give in prescribed order the grammatical fo
rms of (a noun, pronoun, or adjective) 2 obs a: avert b: avoid 3: to cause t
o bend or bow downward 4 a: to refuse to undertake, undergo, engage in, or c
omply with b: to refuse esp. courteously <~ an invitation> -- de.clin.able a
dj -- de.clin.er n
syn decline, refuse, reject, repudiate, spurn mean to turn away by not accep
ting, receiving, or considering. decline often implies courteous refusal esp
. of offers or invitations <declined his party's nomination>. refuse suggest
s more positiveness or ungraciousness and often implies the denial of someth
ing asked for <refused to lend them the money>. reject implies a peremptory
refusal by sending away or discarding <rejected the manuscript as unpublisha
ble>. repudiate implies a casting off or disowning as untrue, unauthorized,
or unworthy of acceptance <teenagers who repudiate the values of their paren
ts>. spurn stresses contempt or disdain in rejection or repudiation <spurned
his overtures of friendship>. 2decline n (14c) 1: the process of declining:
a: a gradual physical or mental sinking and wasting away b: a change to a l
ower state or level 2: the period during which something is deteriorating or
approaching its end 3: a downward slope: declivity 4: a wasting disease; es
p: pulmonary tuberculosis syn see deterioration
unconscionable 1: not guided or controlled by conscience: unscrupulous <an ~
villain> 2 a: excessive, unreasonable <found an ~ number of defects in the
car> b: shockingly unfair or unjust <~ sales practices> -- un.con.scio.na.bi
l.i.ty n -- un.con.scio.na.ble.ness n -- un.con.scio.na.bly adv
--
过去太遥远，未来太迷茫。
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 202.118.170.208]