发信人: bonjovi (bonjovi), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: 陈圣元填空97年10月section3
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2001年09月01日17:52:42 星期六), 站内信件
97年10月section3
1.【中文释义】这些人所期待的事物对别人不会是已经清楚的，并且可能在他们自己的
思想中也不是很明确的。
【解题分析】and为小连接，空格填apparent的同义词。
【重点词条】definite 1: having distinct or certain limits <set ~ standards f
or pupils to meet> 2 a: free of all ambiguity, uncertainty, or obscurity <de
manded a ~ answer> b: unquestionable, decided <the quarterback was a ~ hero
today> 3: typically designating an identified or immediately identifiable pe
rson or thing <the ~ article the> 4 a: being constant in number, usu. less t
han 20, and occurring in multiples of the petal number <stamens ~> b: cymose
<a ~ inflorescence> syn see explicit -- def.i.nite.ly adv -- def.i.nite.nes
s n
2.【中文释义】通过杂交的方法来加强好的生物特征以便培养适宜的加洲希蒙得木新品
种，这种尝试最终被人们屏弃，转而采用一种更简单和更快的方法：将蘩茂的野生品种
驯化。
【解题分析】attemp to表目的，by短语中的to仍然表达目的，并且两个宾语suitable
varieties与favorable traits同义，故相应的动词应同义，与breed构成同义词的为b的
reinforce.
【重点词条】In favor of -- in favor of 1 a: in accord or sympathy with b: fo
r the acquittal of <a verdict in favor of the accused> c: in support of 2: t
o the order of 3: in order to choose: out of preference for <turned down the
scholarship in favor of a pro career> -- in one's favor 1: in one's good gr
aces 2: to one's advantage <the odds were in my favor> -- out of favor : unp
opular, disliked <was out of favor with his neighbors>
3.【中文释义】根据某位政治理论家的理论，一个将绝对的自治当成自己目标的政权，
如果不愿承担任何对法律和准则的责任，就已经表明了对正义的宣战。
【解题分析】a regime has declared war on justice.是该句的主干。without在此表
示条件，结果是 has declared war on justice. 故条件相吻合的为c.
【重点词条】supreme 1: highest in rank or authority <the ~ commander> 2: hig
hest in degree or quality <~ endurance in war and in labour --R. W. Emerson>
3: ultimate, final <the ~ sacrifice> -- su.preme.ly adv -- su.preme.ness n
suppression 1: an act or instance of suppressing: the state of being suppres
sed 2: the conscious intentional exclusion from consciousness of a thought o
r feeling
accountibility : the quality or state of being accountable; esp: an obligati
on or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one's actions <
public officials lacking ~>
prioritization : to list or rate (as projects or goals) in order of priority
usage see -ize -- pri.or.i.ti.za.tion n
autonomy 1: the quality or state of being self-governing; esp: the right of
self-government 2: self-directing freedom and esp. moral independence 3: a s
elf-governing state
4.【中文释义】尽管它有优点，但是这本书很不充分地解决许多重要的问题。，
【解题分析】前后构成转折，名词和形容词需要构成反义词，将名词转化为形容词考虑
，c正确。
【重点词条】cursorily rapidly and often superficially performed or produced:
hasty <a ~ glance> syn see superficial -- cur.so.ri.ly adv -- cur.so.ri.nes
s n
5.【中文释义】尽管频繁的空中旅行者保持怀疑态度，但确已发现，非常反常的是，时
差所固有的暂时方向迷失症也会产生精神健康的益处。
【解题分析】paradoxically修饰disoriention may yield加 空格这一句，所以空格当
然是产生好事物，否则无法paradoxically. a是唯一的好词。
【重点词条】hazard 1: a game of chance like craps played with two dice 2: a
source of danger 3 a: chance, risk b: a chance event: accident 4 obs: stake
3a 5: a golf-course obstacle -- at hazard : at stake 2hazard vt (1530): vent
ure, risk <~ a guess as to the outcome>
somatic 1: of, relating to, or affecting the body esp. as distinguished from
the germ plasm or the psyche 2: of or relating to the wall of the body: par
ietal -- so.mat.i.cal.ly adv
disorder 1: to disturb the order of 2: to disturb the regular or normal func
tions of 2disorder n (1530) 1: lack of order <clothes in ~> 2: breach of the
peace or public order <troubled times marked by social ~s> 3: an abnormal p
hysical or mental condition: ailment <a nervous ~>
6.【中文释义】具有滑稽意义的是，能否正确使用比喻句依赖于词汇的本体义，因为正
是不能辨认这个本体义，才导致交叉纠缠的暗喻和意义的谬误。
【解题分析】由ironically可知denotative与figurative为反义词，由空格前的this可
知空格应填denotative的同义词，因而是figurative的反义词，为literal. 这个词考过
很多次了。
【重点词条】literal 1 a: according with the letter of the scriptures b: adhe
ring to fact or to the ordinary construction or primary meaning of a term or
expression: actual <liberty in the ~ sense is impossible --B. N. Cardozo> c
: free from exaggeration or embellishment <the ~ truth> d: characterized by
a concern mainly with facts <a very ~ man> 2: of, relating to, or expressed
in letters 3: reproduced word for word: exact, verbatim <a ~ translation> --
lit.er.al.i.ty n -- lit.er.al.ness n 2literal n (1622): a small error usu.
of a single letter (as in writing)
denote 1: to serve as an indication of: betoken <the swollen bellies that ~
starvation> 2: to serve as an arbitrary mark for <red flares denoting danger
> 3: to make known: announce <his crestfallen look denoted his distress> 4 a
: to serve as a linguistic expression of the notion of: mean b: to stand for
: designate -- de.note.ment n
esoteric 1 a: designed for or understood by the specially initiated alone <a
body of ~ legal doctrine --B. N. Cardozo> b: of or relating to knowledge th
at is restricted to a small group 2 a: limited to a small circle <~ pursuits
> b: private, confidential <an ~ purpose> -- es.o.ter.i.cal.ly adv
latent present and capable of becoming though not now visible, obvious, or a
ctive <a ~ infection> -- la.tent.ly adv n (1923): a fingerprint (as at the s
cene of a crime) that is scarcely visible but can be developed for study
incongruous a: not harmonious: incompatible <~ colors> b: not conforming: di
sagreeing <conduct ~ with principle> c: inconsistent within itself <an ~ sto
ry> d: lacking propriety: unsuitable <~ manners> -- in.con.gru.ous.ly adv --
in.con.gru.ous.ness n
7.【中文释义】尽管似乎天经地义的是在人口稠密的地区会有更严重的交通事故的风险
，但是这样的事故更有可能 发生在人口稀少的地区。
【解题分析】上下句转折，上下句已存在densely populated areas 和sparsely popul
atee regions的对比，故空格应填most likely 的同义词，a正确。
【重点词条】axiomatic 1: taken for granted: self-evident 2: based on or invo
lving an axiom or system of axioms <~ set theory> -- ax.i.om.at.i.cal.ly adv
portentous 1: of, relating to, or constituting a portent 2: eliciting amazem
ent or wonder: prodigious 3 a: being a grave or serious matter <~ decisions>
b: self-consciously solemn or important: pompous c: ponderously excessive <
that discipline's overwrought, ~ phrases --R. M. Coles> syn see ominous -- p
or.ten.tous.ly adv -- por.ten.tous.ness n
97年10月section6
1.【中文释义】假如该理论正如它的支持者所声称的是不证自明地正确，那么，为什么
在受过良好教育的人们当中仍存在着对它的反对意见呢？
【解题分析】上下句转折，上句称理论是self-evidently true，故下句会反对它，认为
它是false 而非true ,故选e 。
【重点词条】resignation 1 a: an act or instance of resigning something: surr
ender b: a formal notification of resigning 2: the quality or state of being
resigned: submissiveness
regret 1 a: to mourn the loss or death of b: to miss very much 2: to be very
sorry for <~s his mistakes> ~ vi: to experience regret -- re.gret.ter n 2re
gret n (1590) 1: sorrow aroused by circumstances beyond one's control or pow
er to repair 2 a: an expression of distressing emotion (as sorrow or disappo
intment) b pl: a note politely declining an invitation syn see sorrow -- re.
gret.ful adj -- re.gret.ful.ness n
2.【中文释义】尽管麻疹的发病率已经下降了 ，但研究者担心，消除这种疾病 过去认
为很快就能实现 可能并不会马上到来。
【解题分析】上下句转折，下句主干意为消除麻风不会很快实现，是一种不好的情况，
上句该讲好的情况，只有b正确。
【重点词条】decline 1 archaic: to turn from a straight course: stray 2 a: to
slope downward: descend b: to bend down: droop c: to stoop to what is unwor
thy 3 a of a celestial body: to sink toward setting b: to draw toward a clos
e: wane <the day declined> 4: to tend toward an inferior state or weaker con
dition <his health declined> 5: to withhold consent 6: to become less in amo
unt <prices declined> ~ vt 1: to give in prescribed order the grammatical fo
rms of (a noun, pronoun, or adjective) 2 obs a: avert b: avoid 3: to cause t
o bend or bow downward 4 a: to refuse to undertake, undergo, engage in, or c
omply with b: to refuse esp. courteously <~ an invitation> -- de.clin.able a
dj -- de.clin.er n
resume 1: to assume or take again: reoccupy <resumed his seat by the fire --
Thomas Hardy> 2: to return to or begin again after interruption <resumed her
work> 3: to take back to oneself 4: to pick up again 5: reiterate, summariz
e ~ vi: to begin again something interrupted re.su.me n [F resume, fr. pp. o
f resumer to resume, summarize, fr. MF resumer] (1804) 1: summary 2: curricu
lum vitae
3.【中文释义】没有什么能比他毫无必要的拖延运送他几个星期前就承诺的货物这件事
更好地体现他的不负责任。
【解题分析】nothing--better than 为最高级结构，better than 前后并不是对比，而
是相同. 后部分为耽误了寄送，所以前半部分应表现出不负责任，可选b，c，d, 再在看
b,c,d的第二格选项，只有c是正确的 。
【重点词条】conscientious 1: governed by or conforming to the dictates of co
nscience: scrupulous <a ~ public servant> 2: meticulous, careful <a ~ listen
er> syn see upright -- con.sci.en.tious.ly adv -- con.sci.en.tious.ness n
inexplicable inexplicabilis, fr. in- + explicabilis explicable] (15c): incap
able of being explained, interpreted, or accounted for -- in.ex.pli.ca.bil.i
.ty n -- in.ex.pli.ca.ble.ness n -- in.ex.pli.ca.bly adv
justify 1 a: to prove or show to be just, right, or reasonable b (1): to sho
w to have had a sufficient legal reason (2): to qualify (oneself) as a suret
y by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property 2 a archaic: to adm
inister justice to b archaic: absolve c: to judge, regard, or treat as right
eous and worthy of salvation 3 a: to space (as lines of text) so that the li
nes come out even at the margin b: to make even by justifying <justified mar
gins> ~ vi 1 a: to show a sufficient lawful reason for an act done b: to qua
lify as bail or surety 2: to justify lines of text syn see maintain -- jus.t
i.fi.er n
xonspicuous
timely 1 archaic: early, soon 2: in time: opportunely <the question was not
... ~ raised in the state court --W. O. Douglas> 2timely adj time.li.er ; -e
st (13c) 1: coming early or at the right time: opportune 2: appropriate or a
dapted to the times or the occasion <a ~ book> -- time.li.ness n
4.【中文释义】该作者没有意识到在她对与她自己的文风是如此相似地某种文风的严厉
批评中所内含地那种冲突。
【解题分析】so simlar to her own 修辞a writing style，简化的理解就是批评自己
的风格，可得答案b。
【重点词条】incongruity 1: the quality or state of being incongruous 2: some
thing that is incongruous
compliment 1 a: an expression of esteem, respect, affection, or admiration;
esp: an admiring remark b: formal and respectful recognition: honor 2 pl: be
st wishes: regards <accept my ~s> <~s of the season> 2com.pli.ment vt (1735)
1: to pay a compliment to 2: to present with a token of esteem
5.【中文释义】尽管伊丽莎白时代地人们通过奋斗才实现了由中世纪集体的生存经验向
现代个人主义的转折，然而，我们却面临着一种似乎有可能逆转这一潮流的电子技术，
这会导致个人主义过时，而使得相互依赖成为绝对必要。
【解题分析】transition from--to 这个短语也曾经考过，from--to 前后连接反义词，
与individualism反义的是c,corporarate。
【重点词条】render 1 a: to melt down <~ suet>; also: to extract by melting <
~ lard> b: to treat so as to convert into industrial fats and oils or fertil
izer 2 a: to transmit to another: deliver b: give up, yield c: to furnish fo
r consideration, approval, or information: as (1): to hand down (a legal jud
gment) (2): to agree on and report (a verdict) 3 a: to give in return or ret
ribution b (1): give back, restore (2): reflect, echo c: to give in acknowle
dgment of dependence or obligation: pay d: to do (a service) for another 4 a
(1): to cause to be or become: make <enough rainfall ... to ~ irrigation un
necessary --P. E. James> <~ed him helpless> (2): impart b (1): to reproduce
or represent by artistic or verbal means: depict (2): to give a performance
of (3): to produce a copy or version of <the documents are ~ed in the origin
al French> (4): to execute the motions of <~ a salute> c: translate 5: to di
rect the execution of: administer <~ justice> 6: to apply a coat of plaster
or cement directly to ~ vi: to give recompense -- ren.der.able adj -- ren.de
r.er n 2render n (1647): a return esp. in goods or services due from a feuda
l tenant to his lord
spiritual 1: of, relating to, consisting of, or affecting the spirit: incorp
oreal <man's ~ needs> 2 a: of or relating to sacred matters <~ songs> b: ecc
lesiastical rather than lay or temporal <~ authority> <lords ~> 3: concerned
with religious values 4: related or joined in spirit <our ~ home> <his ~ he
ir> 5 a: of or relating to supernatural beings or phenomena b: of, relating
to, or involving spiritualism: spiritualistic -- spir.i.tu.al.ly adv -- spir
.i.tu.al.ness n 2spiritual n (1582) 1 pl: things of a spiritual, ecclesiasti
cal, or religious nature 2: a religious song usu. of a deeply emotional char
acter that was developed esp. among blacks in the southern U.S. 3 cap: any o
f a party of 13th and 14th century Franciscans advocating strict observance
of a rule of poverty for their order
6.【中文释义】我们自身生理的特殊性必然要求每一种物质的效果必须通过对人体的实
验来验证，尽管那种物质在动物身上已经经过了数以千记的测试。
【解题分析】even前后对比，even 后为“在 动物身上检测过的效果，”even 前当然填
“在人身上检测过的效果”，即答案 d。
【重点词条】controlled 1: restrained 2: regulated by law with regard to poss
ession and use <~ drugs>
1con.trol vt con.trolled ; con.trol.ling [ME controllen, fr. MF contreroller
, fr. contrerolle copy of an account, audit, fr. ML contrarotulus, fr. L con
tra- + ML rotulus roll--more at roll] (15c) 1 a archaic: to check, test, or
verify by evidence or experiments b: to incorporate suitable controls in <a
controlled experiment> 2 a: to exercise restraining or directing influence o
ver: regulate b: to have power over: rule c: to reduce the incidence or seve
rity of esp. to innocuous levels <~ an insect population> <~ a disease> syn
see conduct -- con.trol.la.bil.i.ty n -- con.trol.la.ble adj -- con.trol.men
t n 2control n, often attrib (1590) 1 a: an act or instance of controlling;
also: power or authority to guide or manage b: skill in the use of a tool, i
nstrument, technique, or artistic medium c: the regulation of economic activ
ity esp. by government directive--usu. used in pl. <price ~s> 2: restraint,
reserve 3: one that controls: as a (1): an experiment in which the subjects
are treated as in a parallel experiment except for omission of the procedure
or agent under test and which is used as a standard of comparison in judgin
g experimental effects--called also control experiment (2): one (as an organ
ism, culture, or group) that is part of a control b: a device or mechanism u
sed to regulate or guide the operation of a machine, apparatus, or system c:
an organization that directs a spaceflight <mission ~> d: a personality or
spirit believed to actuate the utterances or performances of a spiritualist
medium syn see power
7.【中文释义】今天，水在园林建筑中要比以往任何时候都来得普遍，因为技术的进步
使得这种做法很容易实现，在某种情形中，几乎是强迫性地必须安装水景观在公共场所
中。
【解题分析】because连接一个因果关系，因为今天实现起来比过去容易，所以就会怎么
样了呢？显然填d。
【重点词条】indispensable 1: not subject to being set aside or neglected <an
~ obligation> 2: absolutely necessary: essential <an ~ member of the staff>
-- in.dis.pens.abil.i.ty n -- indispensable n -- in.dis.pens.able.ness n --
in.dis.pens.ably adv
ubiquitous : existing or being everywhere at the same time: constantly encou
ntered: widespread -- ubiq.ui.tous.ly adv -- ubiq.ui.tous.ness n
--
过去太遥远，未来太迷茫。
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