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发信人: bonjovi (bonjovi), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: Building your vocabulary through reading (5)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2001年07月31日00:11:38 星期二), 站内信件
Building your vocabulary through reading (5)
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*Teaching Chimpanzees to Talk
Two [RESOURCEFUL] psychologists at the University of Nevada have made splend
id progress in vocabulary development in chimpanzees.Following a number of [
ABORTIVE] attempts to teach French, German, or English to chimps, the resear
chers [PERSEVERED] until they hit upon the American Sign Language system whi
ch is often used by deaf persons. They have had to [MODIFY] the language som
ewhat in order to [ACCOMMODATE] the animal’s [SPONTANEOUS] gestures. With a
mixture of [INNATE] movements and learned ones, some laboratory chimps now
have an extensive vocabulary.
*Chimpanzees Are Surprisingly Smart
Washoe, the chimpanzee, hs more than a [VENEER] of intelligence; she can sig
nal her desire to eat, go in or out, be covered, or brush her teeth. In addi
tion, she can make signs for ‘ I’m sorry ,’ ‘I hurt,’ ‘Hurry,’ ‘Give
me,’ and a [MYRIAD] of other terms which are familiar to young children. T
his [URBANE] animal can indicate that she [CRAVES] more dessert by putting h
er fingers together (‘more’) and then placing her index and second fingers
on top of her tongue (‘sweet’). It is [IRRELEVANT] that Washoe cannot act
ually talk. What is important, however, is the [CONSUMMATE] ease with which
she has mastered her daily assignments.
*Easy to Train
The chimpanzees are [DEEMED] by scientists to be the closest to man of all t
he living apes; consequently, they are fairly easy to train. Several years a
go, two married researchers [EMBARKED] on an interesting project: they [REAR
ED] and trained a chimp in almost the same manner as they would have raised
a child. The animal did beautifully, convincing the couple of the [INHERENT]
ability of the chimpanzee. Cinema [BUFFS] who have seen Tarzan’s clever mo
nkey [ROMP] through the jungle also recognize the [LATENT] intelligence of t
hose animals.
*More Facts About The Chimps
Chimps in the laboratory have demonstrated their ability to find their way o
ut of the most [TORTUOUS] maze. They can press buttons, manipulate [LEVERS],
avoid shocks, etc. When food is placed out of reach, the animals can prepar
e a ladder of boxes to reach it. In his natural [HABITAT] the chimpanzee is
something of an [ITINERANT]. He goes his [NOMADIC] way through the jungle, l
iving on fruit, insects, and vegetables. With the aid of his long, powerful
hands he can swing rapidly from tree to tree and cover considerable ground i
n his [PEREGRINATIONS]. Chimps are loyal in their [CONJUGAL] relationships,
taking only one mate at a time. That may be another [BAROMETER] of these ani
mal’s superior intelligence.
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过去太遥远,未来太迷茫。
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