发信人: bonjovi (bonjovi), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: 托福考试词汇向导（ 之六）
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2001年02月27日13:16:05 星期二), 站内信件
Unit 26
scenario n.剧本的情节;电影剧本 [It(SCENA)]
scent n.气味;嗅觉 [ME sent<OF sentir perceive, smell,<L sentire;-c-(17th c)u
nexpl]
schematic a.概要的;图式的 [schema n.轮廓;概要;略图]
scheme n.计划;企划;组织 [L schema<Gk(SCHEMA schema n.轮廓;概要;略图]
schism n.分派;派系;分裂
[ME<OF sisme<ecclL schisma<Gk skhisma -atos cleft<skhizo to split schismatic
宗教分立派论;分离教 会员;分裂的
scintillate v.闪烁火光;放出火花 [L scintillare(scintilla极少;微粒 There was
not a ~ of truth in what he said)]
scion n.后裔;子孙;芽;小枝 [ME<OF ciun, cion, sion shoot, twig]
scoff v.嘲笑 [(n)<Afrik schoff repr Du schoft quarter of a day(hence, meal):
(v)orig var of dial scaff, assoc with the noun]
scoop v.掘 [ME<MDu, MLG schope bucket etc, rel to SHAPE]
scorch v.烧灸表面;毒骂;凋萎 [ME, perh rel to skorkle in the same sense scorc
hing酷热的]
score n.抓痕;欠帐记录;得分 [(n)<OE: sense 5<the line or bar drawn through al
l staves: (v)partly<ON skora<ON skor notch, tally,] [twenty,<Gmc: SHEAR]
scorn n.轻蔑;蔑视;侮辱 [cf OS skern MOCKERY 嘲笑,冒牌货,模仿make a ~ of 嘲笑
]
scotch v.轻轻切割;镇压;扼杀 [17th c: perh = scatch stilt<OF escache]
scourge n.鞭笞;惩罚 [ME<OF escorge(n), (ult as EX-, L corrigia thong, whip)]
scramble v.攀缘;争取;混杂一起 [16th c(imit): cf dial synonyms scamble, cramb
le]
scrape v.刮;积攒 [ME<ON skrapa scrap小片;少许 scrappy碎屑的;剩余的;片断的]
scratch v.抓伤 [ME, prob<synonymous ME scrat & cratch]
scrawl v.乱写;乱涂 [perh<obs scrawl sprawl, alt of CRAWL爬行]
screed n.长篇大论 [ME, prob var of SHRED碎片]
scribble v.潦草书写 [prob<LG: cf G schrubbeln(in the same sense), frequent<L
G schrubben: SCRUB用硬刷子等刷洗 (shru]b[ 的变形)灌木林
scripture n.经文 [ME<L scriptura(SCRIPT)]
scrub v.灌木林;丛林地带 [ME, var of SHRUB 灌木;果汁甜酒]
scruple n.踌躇;顾忌 [F scrupule or L scrupulus<scrupus rough pebble, anxiety
]
scrupulous a.严谨的;审慎的 [ME<F scrupuleux or L scrupulosus(SCRUPLE犹豫;踌躇
)]
scrutinize v.详细地检查;细加查阅
scrutiny n.详审 [ME<L <scrutari search<scruta rubbish: orig of rag-collector
s]
scud v.疾行
[perh alt of SCUT 短尾, as if to race like a hare The boat scudded along bef
ore the rising wind 帆船乘着 [风疾驶]
scuffle v.混战 [cf Sw skuffa to push, rel to SHOVE强使 scuff拖足而走]
scurrilous a.粗野无礼的;嘲弄辱骂的 [L scurrilus<scurra buffoon 丑角;滑稽剧演
员;插科打诨]
scurry v.疾走;快跑 [abbr of hurry-scurry redupl of HURRY]
seam n.缝合线;接合口;伤疤 [OE seam<Gmc seamy有缝合线的;有接合线的;有疤痕的]
sear v.烧烤;打烙印;使失去感觉 [OE sear(adj), searian(v),<Gmc searing灼热的]
sebaceous a.脂肪的;似脂肪的 [a ~ gland 皮脂腺 <sebum tallow兽脂 vegetable ~
木蜡]
secession n.脱离 [SECEDE正式脱离(教会政党等);分离SE-分开, cedere go]
secluded a.隔离的;与世隔绝的 [seclude分离,隔离(人场所等);使隐退 SE-, clauder
e shut]
seclusion n.蛰居;退隐 [medL seclusio(SECLUDE)seclusive爱隐居的;隐居性的]
secrete v.隐秘;隐藏;分泌 [obs secret(v)<SECRET]
sect n.派别;宗派 [ME<OF secte or L secta<the stem of sequi secut- follow]
sectarian a.宗派的;偏狭的 [SECTARY属于某一宗派的]
secular a.世俗的;非宗教的 [<L<saeculum generation, age a ~ society世俗社会]
sedate a.安排的;静肃的 [sedative使安静的;镇静剂 The doctor has given him a ~
and he should sleep now.]
sedentary a.久坐的;需要坐的 [F sedentaire or L sedentarius<sedere sit]
seduce v.诱惑;勾引 [L seducere seduct-(SE-, ducere lead)]
seductive a.诱惑的;有魅力的 [SEDUCTION after inductive etc]
sedulous a.勤勉的 [L sedulus zealous]
seethe v.沸腾;骚动 [OE seothan<Gmc]
segment n.部份;断节;线段 [L segmentum<secare cut]
segregate v.分离;予以种族歧视 [L segregatus pp.]
seine n.大捕鱼网;拉网 [ME<OF saine, & OE segne<WG<L sagena<Gk sagene]
seismologist n.地震学家 [seismic地震的;有关地震的 Gk seismos earthquake<seio
shake]
semblance n.外观;外貌 [ME<OF<sembler<L similare, simulare SIMULATE]
seminal a.精液的;生殖的;再生的 [ME<OF seminal or L seminalis(SEMEN精液]
senescence n.衰老 [senescent老了的]
senility n.年老;老迈 [senile高龄的;老衰的 F senile or L senilis<senex old ma
n]
sensation n.感觉;感触;轰动 [medL sensatio<L sensus SENSE]
sensuous a.感官的;感觉的 [L sensus sense]
sententious a.简洁精练的;简明的 [L sententiosus(SENTENCE)(反)prolix]
sentry n.守望;哨兵 [perh<obs centrinel, var of SENTINEL(文语古)步哨,哨兵]
septic a.致腐败的;因腐败引起的 [L septicus<Gk septikos<sepo make rotten]
sepulcher n.坟墓 [sepulchral坟墓的;阴沉的(<L."埋葬")]
seraph n.六翼天使 [back-form<(cf CHERUB)(pl) seraphic六翼天使的;纯洁的]
sere a.迁移系列;枯萎的 [同sear 灼烧,(强烈的阳光、寒风等)使植物枯萎]
serendipity n.偶然发现有价值物品才能 [coined by Horace Walpole(1754)after Th
e Three Princes of Serendip(Sri Lanka), a fairy-tale]
serenity n.安静;沉着 [F serenite or L serenitas(SERENE)]
sermonize v.说教;说大道理与人听 [SERMON说教;训戒;牢骚 homiletics布道学]
serpentine a.蛇的;婉蜒的;狡猾的 [ME<OF serpentin<LL serpentinus(SERPENT蛇;狡
猾的人)]
serrated a.齿状的 [serration 锯齿状;锯齿状突起serranid(动物)鲈科之鱼]
serried a.拥挤的;密集的 [<F pp. of serrer close ult<L sera lock, or pp. of o
bs serr<OF serrer]
servile a.奴隶的;卑屈的 [ME<L servilis<servus slave servitude 奴隶状态;奴役]
severance n.隔离;断绝 [sever切断,遮断;离开]
shabby a.破烂的;衣衫褴褛的 [shab scab<OE sceabb<ON, rel to SCAB]
shaft n.箭杆;茎;羽轴;受骗
[<Gmc the ~s of love(邱比特射放的)爱神的箭 a ~ of light (lightning)一道闪电I
got ~ed in that deal 我 在那次交易中受骗
sham n.膺品;瞒骗;骗子 [perh north dial var of SHAME]
shamus n.侦探;警官 [shammes(犹太教)教堂司事]
sheaf n.束;捆;扎 [OE sceaf<Gmc SHOVE 推(进),撞]
sheathe v.插入鞘;包;覆 [ME<SHEATH 鞘;叶鞘;翅鞘]
sheen n.光辉;光彩;光泽;光辉的 [obs sheen beautiful, resplendent<OE scene: se
nse assim to SHINE]
shibboleth n.口令;暗语 [ME<Heb sibbolet ear of corn, used as a test of natio
nality for its difficult pronunciation(Judg 12:6)]
shipshape a.整洁干净的
shoal n.浅滩;沙洲;一群(鱼) [OE sceald<Gmc, rel to SHALLOW]
shoddy a.伪造的;卑劣的;再制毛料 [a ~ trick 诡计,卑鄙的计谋 ~ merchandise 冒充
物,假货,赝品]
shove v.推挤 [OE scufan<Gmc]
shred v.切成碎片 [OE scread(unrecorded)piece cut off<WG: SHROUD寿衣(winding-
sheet);(常~s)(航海)横桅索]
shriek v.发出尖锐的叫声 [imit: cf dial screak, ON skr'kja, and SCREECH 尖声喊
;;尖叫声]
shrink v.退缩;变小;使缩;使收缩 [OE scrincan: cf skrynka to wrinkle]
shroud n.寿衣;遮盖物;覆盖 [OE scrud<Gmc: SHRED 切成碎片]
shrug off v.耸肩表示不屑理睬;摆脱
shuffle v.慢吞吞地走;混合;洗纸牌 [perh<LG schuffeln walk clumsily<Gmc: cf SH
OVE推(进),撞]
shun v.避开 [OE scunian]
shunt v.移向一旁;搁置一个计划 [ME, perh<SHUN(始终)规避;避免]
sibylline a.预言的;神巫的 [L Sibyllinus(SIBYL女巫;女预言家)]
sidereal a.星的 [L sidereus<sidus sideris star]
sidle v.横行 [back-form<sideling, SIDELONG横的;斜的]
siege n.围困;围攻 [ME<OF sege seat<assegier BESIEGE]
sift v.筛;过滤;细查 [OE siftan<WG sifter筛的人;精查者;筛子]
silt n.淤泥;淤沙 [ME, perh rel to Da, OHG sulza salt marsh, formed as SALT]
simian a.似猿猴的;类人猿 [L simia ape, perh<L simus<Gk simos flat-nosed]
simile n.明喻;直喻 [ME<L, neut of similis like (反)metaphor(修辞)隐喻,暗喻]
similitude n.相似;比喻 [ME<OF similitude or L similitudo SIMILE(修辞)直喻,明
喻]
simulacrum n.影象;伪装的东西 [SIMULATE 假装的样子,伪装]
simulate v.伪装;扮演 [L simulare<similis like]
sinecure n.闲差事 [L sine cura without care]
sinew n.腱;体力;力气 [OE sin(e)we<Gmc sinewy多腱的;强壮的]
singe v.轻微烧焦;以烫发钳夹 [OE sencgan<WG]
singularity n.奇异;稀有;异常 [E<OF singularite<LL singularitas(SINGULAR)]
sinister a.邪恶的;不祥的 [E<OF singularite<LL singularitas(SINGULAR特异)]
sinuous a.蜿蜒的 [F sinueux or L sinuosus(SINUS窦;下凹的地方)]
sip n.(饮料的)一口;一啜 [ME: perh a modification of SUP一口;吸;进晚餐;体验]
siren n.气笛;警报器 [<Gk Seiren使船只沉没的女海妖 sirrah喂! <ME sire SIR]
skeptic n.怀疑者
skeptical a.怀疑性的;怀疑论的
sketchy a.粗略的;大概的 [sketch素描]
skewer n.串;烤肉叉子 [17th c, var of dial skiver 切割皮革之人;皮革刀]
skimp v.吝啬地给;缩支节用 [18th c: cf SCRIMP 节省,节约(on) skimpy吝啬的]
skirmish n.前哨战;小争斗 [ME<OF eskirmir, escremir<Frank]
skittish a.快活的;爱蹦跳的;怕羞的 [ME, perh formed as SKIT(苏)疾行;跳跃]
skulk v.躲躲闪闪;潜行 [ME<Scand: cf Norw skulka lurk, Da skulke, Sw skolka s
hirk]
slacken v.松弛;变缓慢;变迟钝
slake v.解;充;满足 [OE slacian<sl'c SLACK 沼泽;松弛的;煤渣]
slander n.诽谤;造谣 [<LL scandalum: SCANDAL 丑闻;贪污案,诽谤]
slant v.倾斜 [aphetic form of ASLANT倾斜地:<ON sletta dash, throw]
slap n.掴 [LG slapp(imit)slaping 非常快的;非常大的]
slattern n.邋遢的女人;懒散的女人 [17th c: rel to slattering slovenly,<dial s
latter to spill, slop, waste]
sleazy a.简陋的;低级的
sleek a.光滑的;井然有序的 [later var of SLICK 光滑的;口齿伶俐的]
sleight n.技巧;熟练 [ME sleghth<ON sloegth<sloegr SLY]
slimy a.泥泞的;粘糊糊的
sling n.投石器;吊腕带;果汁甜酒 [have one's arm in a ~ 吊挂手臂 ~ stones at a
dog用石头打狗]
slither v.滑动 [<OE slid(e)rian frequent<slid-, weak grade of slidan SLIDE]
sloppy a.泥泞的;感情脆弱的 [Sloppy Joe 不整洁男子;宽大女用羊毛衫;一种牛肉三明
治]
slopy a.倾斜的
sloth n.怠惰;树懒 [ME<SLOW+-TH]
slough v.蜕皮 [ME, perh rel to LG slu(we)husk]
slovenly a.不洁的;马虎的 [sloven懒散的人;散慢的人 <Flem sloef dirty or Du sl
of careless]
slump n.猛然掉落;意气消沉;萧条 [orig 'sink in a bog': The ice cracked and he
~ed into the cleft]
slur v.随便加以处理;含糊发音
smattering n.一知半解;少量 [He has a ~ of knowledge about physics. smatter 一
知半解地说]
smear v.涂;弄脏 [OE smierwan<Gmc]
smidgen n.少量;些微 [perh<smitch in the same sense: cf dial smitch wood-smok
e]
smirk v.嘻嘻做笑 [OE sme(a)rcian]
smother v.使透不过气 [ME smorther<the stem of OE smorian suffocate]
smugness n.洋洋得意
snappish a.动不动就咬人;粗暴的
[snap 使啪哒;砰然射击;咬住<up>The dog snapped up the piece of meat 那只狗咬住
那块肉 ~ a whip 使鞭子劈啪作响
snappy a.劈拉做响的;精力充沛的 [a ~ worker 工作迅速的人 a ~ dresser 衣著潇洒
的人 Make it snappy! =Look snappy!有话快说!赶快!]
snare n.陷阱;诱惑;响弦 [OE sneare<ON snara: senses & 5 prob<MLG or MDu]
snarl n.混乱;吠叫;咆哮;纠结 [Don't ~ at me like that别对我那样吼叫 answer wi
th a ~以怒声回答 a traffic ~ 交通混乱 Her hair is ~e]d[ 她的头发缠结在一起
snatch v.抓;夺;匆忙地做;带走 [snap(迅速的)+catch(抓)的缩合 rel to SNACK小吃]
sneak v.潜行 [OE snican creep sneaking偷偷逃走的(来的);不争气的;卑鄙的]
sneer v.嘲笑 [He ~s at religion他嘲笑宗教 ~ a person down,冷笑而使沉默]
snicker n.窃笑 [snick 微微割开;作细刻痕于]
sniff v.以鼻吸气;嗤之以鼻
[You shouldn't ~ at that offer你不该对那项提议嗤之以鼻 The dog ~ed at the bo
ne 那只狗呼呼地嗅那 根骨头
snip v.剪 [~ a hole in a sheet of paper 在一张纸上剪个洞 ~ a bud off a stem
从茎部剪下花苞]
snoop v.n.偷偷地到处瞧;偷窃 [Du snoepen eat on the sly]
soak v.浸;令吃苦头;渗入 [rel to soc sucking at the breast, SUCK(用嘴或管)吸;
吸入
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