Flyingoverseas 版 (精华区)
发信人: bonjovi (bonjovi), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: TOEFL2000。5真题3--section3
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2001年05月01日16:15:19 星期二), 站内信件
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Questions 1-9
510152025 The canopy, the upper level of the trees in the rain forest, holds
a plethora of climbingmammals of moderately large size, which may include m
onkeys, cats, civets, andporcupines. Smaller species, including such rodents
as mice and small squirrels, arenot as prevalent overall in high tropical c
anopies as they are in most habitats globally.Small mammals, being warm bloo
ded, suffer hardship in the exposed and turbulentenvironment of the uppermos
t trees. Because a small body has more surface area per unitof weight than a
large one of similar shape, it gains or loses heat more swiftly. Thus, in t
hetrees, where shelter from heat and cold may be scarce and conditions may f
luctuate, a smallmammal may have trouble maintaining its body temperature.Sm
all size makes it easy to scramble among twigs and branches in the canopy fo
rinsects, flowers, or fruit, but small mammals are surpassed, in the competi
tion for food, by large ones that have their own tactics for browsing among
food-rich twigs. The weight of a gibbon (a small ape) hanging below a branch
arches the terminal leaves down so thatfruit-bearing foliage drops toward t
he gibbon's face. Walking or leaping species of asimilar or even larger size
access the outer twigs either by snapping off and retrievingthe whole branc
h or by clutching stiff branches with the feet or tail and plucking foodwith
their hands.Small climbing animals may reach twigs readily, but it is harde
r for them than for largeclimbing animals to cross the wide gaps from one tr
ee crown to the next that typify thehigh canopy. A macaque or gibbon can hur
l itself farther than a mouse can: it can achievea running start, and it can
more effectively use a branch as a springboard, even bouncingon a limb seve
ral times before jumping. The forward movement of a small animal isseriously
reduced by the air friction against the relatively large surface area of it
s body.Finally, for the many small mammals the supplement their insect diet
with fruits or seeds,an inability to span open gaps between tree crowns may
be problematic, since trees thatyield these foods can be sparse.
1. The passage answers which of the following questions?(A) How is the rain
forest different from other habitats?(B) How does an animal's bodysize influ
ence an animal'sneed for food?(C) Why does rain forest provideprovide an unu
sual variety of food for animals?(D) Why do large animals tend todominate th
e upper canopyof the rain forest? 2. Which of the following animals is less
common in the upper canopythan in other environments?(A) Monkeys(B) Cats(C)
Porcupines(D) Mice
3. The word "they" in line 4 refers to (A) trees(B) climbing mammals of mode
rately large size(C) smaller species(D) high tropical canopies
4. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the small
mammals in the rain forest?(A) They have body shapes that are adapted to lif
e in thecanopy.(B) They prefer the temperatureand climate of the canopy toth
at of other environments.(C) They have difficulty with thechanging condition
s in thecanopy.(D) They use the trees of thecanopy for shelter from heatand
cold.
5. In discussing animal size in paragraph 3, the author indicatesthat(A) sma
ll animals requireproportionately more foodthan larger animals do.(B) a larg
e animal's size is anadvantage in obtaining foodin the canopy.(C) Small anim
als are oftenattacked by larger animalsin the rain forest.(D) Small animals
and largeanimals are equally adept atobtaining food in the canopy.
6. The word "typify" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) resemble(B) pro
tect(C) characterize(D) divide
7. According to paragraph 4, what makes jumping from one tree crown to anoth
er difficult for smallmammals?(A) Air friction against the bodysurface.(B) T
he thickness of the branches.(C) The dense leaves of the treecrown.(D) The i
nability to use the front feet as hands.
8. The word "supplement" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) control(B) r
eplace(C) look for(D) add to
9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?(A) canopy (line 1
)(B) warm blooded (line 5)(C) terminal leaves (line 13)(D) springboard (line
21)
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