Flyingoverseas 版 (精华区)
发信人: bonjovi (bonjovi), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: toefl2000.5真题4
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2001年05月01日16:16:46 星期二), 站内信件
Questions 10 - 19
51015202530 During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing
was written about thecontribution of women during the colonial period and th
e early history of the newly formedUnited States. Lacking the right to vote
and absent from the seats of power, women werenot considered an important fo
rce in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetryin the seventee
nth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary historyof the
American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing shee
xercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second Presid
ent of theUnited States. But little or no notice was taken of these contribu
tions. During these centuries,women remained invisible in history books.Thro
ughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite th
e effortsof female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of
their male counterparts,were amateur historians. Their writings were celebra
tory in nature, and they were uncriticalin their selection and use of source
s.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen se
nse ofhistory by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged N
ational,regional, and local women's organizations compiled accounts of their
doings. Personalcorrespondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were sav
ed and stored. These sourcesform the core of the two greatest collections of
women's history in the United States - one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schl
esinger Library at Radeliffe College, and the other theSophia Smith Collecti
on at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later
generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about o
rdinary women during the nineteenthcentury, most of the writing about women
conformed to the "great women" theory ofhistory, just as much of mainstream
American history concentrated on "great men". Todemonstrate that women were
making significant contributions to American life, femaleauthors singled out
women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important womenproduced their
autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public lifeas reform
ers, activists working for women's right to vote, or authors, and were notre
presentative at all of the great mass of ordinary women. The lives of ordina
ry peoplecontinued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being
published.
10. What does the passage mainly discuss ?(A) The role of literature in earl
yAmerican histories.(B) The place of American women inwritten histories.(C)
The keen sense of history shownBy American women.(D) The "great women" appro
ach to History used by Americanhistorians.
11.The word "contemporary" in line 5means that the history was(A) informati
ve(B) written at that time(C) thoughtful(D) faultfinding
12. In the first paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned
to show that(A) a woman's status was changedby marriage.(B) even the contrib
utions of outstanding women were ignored.(C) only three women were able to g
et their writing published.(D) poetry produced by women was more readily acc
epted than other writing by women.
13. The word "celebratory" in line 12 means that the writings referred
to were(A) related to parties(B) religious(C) serious(D) full of praise
14. The word "they" in line 12 refers to(A) efforts(B) authors(C) counterpar
ts(D) sources
15. In the second paragraph, what weakness in nineteenth-century histories d
oes the author point out?(A) They put too much emphasis on daily activiti
es.(B) They left out discussion of the influence on money on politics(C) The
sources of the informationthey were based on were notnecessarily accurate.(
D) They were printed onpoor quality paper.
16. On the basis of information in the third paragraph, which of the fo
llowing, would most likely have been collected by nineteenth-century fem
inist organizations?(A) Newspaper accounts of presidential election results.
(B) Biographies of John Adams.(C) Letters from a mother to adaughter advisin
g her how tohandle a family problem.(D) Books about famous graduatesof the c
ountry's first college.
17. What use was made of the nineteenth-century women's history material
s in the Schlesinger Library and the Sophia Smith Collection?(A) They were
combined and published in a multivolumeencyclopedia about women.(B) They fo
rmed the basis ofcollege courses in thenineteenth-century.(C) They provided
valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.(D) They w
ere shared amongwomen's colleges throughoutthe United States.
18. In the last paragraph, the author mentions all of the following as
possible roles of nineteenth-century "great women" EXCEPT(A) authors(B) re
formers(C) activists for women's rights(D) politicicans
19. The word "representative" in line 29
is closest in meaning to
(A) typical
(B) satisfied
(C) supportive
(D) distinctive
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